Comparative Analysis Of The Efficacy Of Propofol And Dexmedetomidine For Controlled Hypotension In Anesthesia

Abstract

Background: Participants are selected in the study based on convenience sampling technique the two hypotensive drugs Dexmedetomidine and Propofol are used for hypotensive anesthesia, two groups were selected one of them receiving Dexmedetomidine and the other Propofol. Effects of used drugs have been observed at different intervals intraoperative. It was found that both these drugs are effective in providing hypotensive anesthesia but Dexmedetomidine has been found more effective amongst the two because the group which had received Propofol show less percent of the cases.

Aim and objective: The objective of this study is to determine which drug Dexmedetomidine or Propofol is more effective in providing hypotensive anesthesia.

Methodology: Comparative cross-sectional analytical study had collected at Northwest Teaching Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan, and Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. The study period was from May 1^st, 2021 to August 31^st, 2021. The study included all patients who were admitted for elective surgical procedures and willing to participate, a pre-design proforma was instrumented for data collection, and proforma had two groups. One received Dexmedetomidine and the other group received Propofol. Data about different variables were recorded and analyzed by (SPSS) version 22.

RESULTS: A total of 196 patients were divided into two groups, 98 patients were given Dexmedetomidine and 98 patients were given Propofol and were examined for hypotensive anesthesia. The mean MAP at induction after 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes, and 80 minutes were compared. The result shows that mean MAP was significantly lower in Group D (74.13.74.37.71.79.72.10) As compared with Group P (77.76,76.98.80.82.80.96) (P Value <0.005) based on the bleeding scale, all the patients were in grade 2 or greater than grade 2 with no statistically significant difference (p-value>0.005).

The mean total blood loss in group d (2.12.2.10) was initially the same as compared to group p (1.98,2.02) at tl and 12, but later on, group p (2.60.2.73) was slightly higher than group d (2,2) at 13 and 14.

Conclusion: For providing hypotensive anesthesia dexmedetomidine was the best choice of drug as compared to propofol for elective surgical procedures.