ABSTRACT
Background: Typhoid fever is a sickness that affects the entire body and is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovars typhi and Paratyphi A, B, and C. Typhoid fever is a poverty-related disease with a high disease burden in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of the study to determine antimicrobial resistance pattern of multi drugs and extended drug resistance strain of Salmonella spp. Isolated form children.
Methodology: A total of 287 blood culture samples analyzed. Initial incubation was performed by using the BacT/ALERT-3D system. Sub-culturing of the samples was done by using bacteriological culture media (Blood agar, MacConkey agar). Identification of the organisms was done on the basis of morphological characteristics of bacterial colonies, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and result interpretation was done according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI 2021).
Results: Out of 287 blood culture samples, 119(41.4%) were culture positive. Overall frequency of MDR and XDR strains of Salmonella typhi was 76.5% and 14.3% respectively. Imipenem, aminoglycosides and azithromycin were drugs of choice against MDR cases of Salmonella typhi, while only imipenem was found effective against XDR strains of Salmonella typhi.
Conclusion: Overall, of prevalence of Salmonella typhi was 41.4%. Frequency of MDR Salmonella typhi strains was higher than XDR strains. Carbapenem was considered drug of choice against both MDR and XDR cases of Salmonella typhi.
Key words: Salmonella typhi, Typhoid fever, Multi drug resistant, Extensive drug resistant; Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
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