Frequency Of Fetal Presentation In Third Trimester Of Pregnancy In Patients Visiting Ultrasound Department Of NWGH Peshawar

Background:

Pregnancy usually lasts 40 weeks, beginning from the first day of the woman’s last menstrual period, and is divided into three trimesters, each lasting three months. The third trimester is the last phase of pregnancy. During this trimester, baby grows, develops, and starts to change position to get ready for birth. For pregnant women, any abnormality that is determines in whole antenatal course creates concern especially the breech presentation. With an increasing awareness of the indication of the term breech study that is, that vaginal breech delivery is less safe than caesarean section. Pregnant women are understandably concern if, a cephalic, breech or transverse presentation is discovered, even in the early part of the third trimester. Fetal movements were explained by means of ultrasonography in and try to clarify the original factor of frank breech presentation. The role of other imaging modalities like x ray, fluoroscopy and CT scan is limited in pregnancy while MRI is not commonly and expensive as well, hence ultrasound is a commonly performed imaging modality in pregnancy.

Aim of the study:

To find the frequency of fetal presentation in third trimester of pregnancy in patient visiting ultrasound department of NWGH.

Materials and methods:

We prospectively reviewed the Obstetric ultrasound record of 150 patients. During 6 months, in this study

Results:

A study was conducted in NWGH over a period of 6  months. A total of 150 pregnant patients were evaluated in this study for fetal presentation in third trimester. The mean age of the patients were noted 26.27 years with range of (20-40). The most common fetus presentation in 150 patients was Cephalic in 113 (75.3%), Breech in 28 (18.7%) and Transverse in 09 (6.0%). Out of 150 patients 138 (92.0%) having normal amniotic fluid and 12 (8.0%) having abnormal amniotic fluid, Single fetus in 148 (98.7%), Multiple fetus in 2 (1.3%) were noted in our study. The location of placenta in third trimester was we noted Anterior in 91 (60.7%), Posterior in 49 (32.7%) and Lateral in 10 (6.7%) patients respectively.

Conclusions: According to our study frequency of cephalic presentation in third trimester is higher than breech presentation. Fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes, history of cesarean section, congenital anomalies, old maternal age, nulliparity and gestational age are risk factors of breech presentation.