Frequency of various computed tomography findings in head injury patients visiting NWGH Peshawar

Background: Head injuries are one of the most common causes of disability and death in adults. The injury can be as mild as a bump, bruise (contusion), or cut on the head, or can be moderate to severe in nature due to a concussion, deep cut or open wound, fractured skull bone(s), or from internal bleeding and damage to the brain.

A head injury is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that occur to the scalp, skull, brain, and underlying tissue and blood vessels in the head. Head injuries are also commonly referred to as brain injury, or traumatic brain injury (TBI), depending on the extent of the head trauma.

Aims and Objectives: To determine Computed tomography scan findings in head injury patients from a tertiary care hospital at Peshawar.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in NWGH. The sample size was 100, calculated by Rao Soft Calculator. The study was conducted from April-September 2021. Data were collected from a patient coming to the radiology department for CT head injury and analyzed by SPSS version 21.

Results: 100 patient skull fracture is highest frequency is 54. Hematoma 29, cerebral Out of contusion 18, cerebral edema 14, intracranial hemorrhage 9, cerebral atrophy 4, subarachnoid hemorrhage 4, intracerebral hemorrhage 2, pneumocephalus 2.Injury is difficult to assess skull fractures and their vulnerability to motion artifacts due to their long scanning time.

Conclusions:

This population base study shows the frequency of various CT findings in head injury. Males were more affected than female’s .and people with middle ages were more affected and skull fracture (54%) was the highest pathology, followed by hematoma (29%), cerebral contusion (18%), cerebral edema (14%), intracerebral hematoma (9%), cerebral atrophy (4%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (4%), intervertebral hematoma (2%), pneumocephalus (2%).

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