BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis (TB) is a gradually spreading granulomatous infectious disease that is mainly caused by the gram positive, acid-fast bacteria of the Mycobacterium genus. The primary agent responsible for tuberculosis in human beings is Mycobacterium tuberculosis and it predominantly affects the lungs causing the pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is not just limited to lungs but can affect several other parts of the body such as the meninges, bones, joints, lymphatic system and other tissues leading to the occurrence of the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The main route of the transmission for human tuberculosis involves the transfer of infectious droplets through coughing, sneezing or speaking, followed by the inhalation of small airborne particles known as microscopic droplet nuclei. It is a contagious disease that remains to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a global and under-explored problem, amplified by social factors and ineffectual treatment or lack of proficiency in the prevention and care. Tuberculosis (TB) can cause permanent alterations in lung structure and is directly correlated with the pulmonary functioning of the respiratory system. Tuberculosis (TB) is the major) infectious disease around the globe, responsible for over 10 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths. Between 2019 and 2020, a decline of 18% was seen in the number of individuals diagnosed with TB, from 7.1 million to 5.8 million, after striking increases between 2017 and 2019. In 2021, there was a slight escalation, with the figure climbing to 6.4 million. One TB-related death occurs every 15 seconds worldwide and it infects one individual every second of each day. If left untreated, a person diagnosed with TB disease will infect an average of 10–15 other people annually.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study aims to find out an associated risk factors and the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis on HRCT chest in urban and rural areas of Peshawar.
METHOD
This was a Cross-Sectional study carried out at Northwest General Hospital Peshawar. This was study of 6 months with a population of 385 patients were referred by physician for HRCT. Out of which only 63 patients were reportedly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. Data was collected by Prospective Study and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.
CONCLUSION
Imaging play’s important role in the management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. It is concluded that many of the tuberculosis patient referred to the radiology department. HRCT scan is the modality of choice in setting of tuberculosis allowing accurate detection. And there by treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and the other types of tuberculosis as well and also accurate for follow up study in pulmonary tuberculosis patient. In our study we concluded that male is more affected than female out of 63 patient’s males are 60.3% in female are 39.7%.
RESULTS
The period of the study was 6 months. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and associated risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis on HRCT for chest in urban and rural area of Peshawar. The simple size for our study was 385. Out of 385 cases 63 cases were Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
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